Data Protection and Cyber Security Laws in Pakistan: Addressing Digital Privacy in E-Commerce and Consumer Data

Abstract

This research paper explores the current landscape of data protection and cybersecurity laws in Pakistan, with a specific focus on digital privacy in e-commerce and consumer data. As the e-commerce sector in Pakistan continues to grow rapidly, the protection of personal data and privacy has become a critical issue. This study analyzes the existing legal framework, including the Personal Data Protection Bill, 2021, and the Electronic Transactions Ordinance (ETO), 2002, to assess their effectiveness in safeguarding consumer data. The paper highlights the challenges faced by Pakistan’s legal system in addressing the evolving threats posed by cybercrime, data breaches, and unauthorized access to sensitive information. Furthermore, it examines the role of businesses in ensuring compliance with data protection regulations and the need for robust cybersecurity practices in the digital economy. By identifying gaps in current legislation, the paper provides recommendations for strengthening data protection laws to better protect consumers' rights and ensure a secure online environment for e-commerce activities. This study contributes to the broader discourse on digital privacy and cybersecurity, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive legal reforms to meet the demands of modern technology and international standards.